Anisotropy of wind and wave regimes in the Baltic proper   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tarmo Soomere 《Journal of Sea Research》2003,49(4):305

The directional distribution of moderate and strong winds in the Baltic Sea region is shown to be strongly anisotropic. The dominating wind direction is south-west and a secondary peak corresponds to north winds. North-west storms are relatively infrequent and north-east storms are extremely rare. Angular distribution of extreme wind speed also has a two-peaked shape with maxima corresponding to south-west and north winds, and a deep minimum for easterly winds. The primary properties of the anisotropy such as prevailing winds, frequency of their occurrence, directional distribution of mean and maximum wind speeds coincide on both sides of the Baltic proper. The specific wind regime penetrates neither into the mainland nor into the Gulf of Finland or the Gulf of Riga.Properties of the saturated wave field in the neighbourhood of proposed sites of the Saaremaa (Ösel) deep harbour are analysed on the basis of the wave model WAM forced by steady winds. The directional distribution of wave heights in typical and extreme storms is highly anisotropic. Remarkable wave height anomalies may occur in the neighbourhood of the harbour sites.  相似文献   

光照和温度对细基江蓠繁枝变型的生长及生化组成影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

刘静雯  董双林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(3):322-338

实验研究光照、温度对细基江蓠的生长率及生化组成等指标的影响。结果表明 ,光照、温度及其相互作用均显著影响以上指标。在该实验条件下 ( 15～ 30℃ ,12 0 0～ 12 0 0 0 lx) ,细基江蓠繁枝变型 ( Gracilaria tenuistipitata var.liui)在光照为 10 0 0 0 lx,温度为 2 5℃时生长率最大 ,光照对生长的影响大于温度 ,而且在适宜的温度范围内 ,随着温度的升高 ,细基江蓠繁枝变型生长的光饱和点也增高。光强是影响藻红素、叶绿素 a及碳水化合物 /蛋白质比率的主要环境因子 ,它与藻红素、叶绿素 a含量负相关 ,与碳水化合物 /蛋白质比率正相关。温度则是调节蛋白质及藻红素 /叶绿素 a比率的主要因素 ,它与蛋白质的含量负相关 ,与藻红素 /叶绿素 a比值正相关。温度和光照对碳水化合物的含量影响不明显  相似文献   

海面温度变化影响台风"海棠"强度的数值研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马艳  华锋  陈丽娟  陈尚  曲媛媛 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(4):453-459

通过对台风"海棠"5 d的数值模拟,研究海表温度(SST)变化对台风强度的影响。与NCEP月平均海表温度相对比,在中尺度大气模式中引入热带测雨卫星(TRMM)微波成像仪(TMI)/先进微波扫描辐射计(AMSR-E)来考察SST对台风"海棠"路径和强度的影响。研究结果表明,每天变化SST的试验模拟的台风强度和路径整体效果不错;模拟的台风路径不敏感于SST的变化,而台风强度的变化不仅取决于由于台风移动引发的SST冷却的幅度大小,而且取决于SST冷却区域的相对位置。在台风"海棠"强烈发展过程中,台风中心右侧冷却区对台风中心气压影响很小;台风强烈发展过后,SST冷却区开始影响台风强度,但造成台风中心气压下降幅度不大,6 h内台风中心气压减弱约3.9 hPa。海面热量通量和海面风速与SST的分布都有良好的相关性:在SST变化为正值的暖水区,感热通量和潜热通量都是一个正的通量分布的极值区,并有风速极大值区域存在;在台风右侧相应的冷却区,则存在着负的通量异常和风速极小值区域。  相似文献   

Wavelet and artificial neural network analyses of tide forecasting and supplement of tides around Taiwan and South China Sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bang-Fuh Chen  Han-Der Wang  Chih-Chun Chu 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(16):2161-2175

In multi-resolution analysis (MRA) by wavelet function Daubechies (db), we decompose the signal in two parts, the low and high-frequency contents. We remove the high-frequency content and reconstruct a new “de-noise” signal by using inverse wavelet transform. The calculation of tidal constituent phase-lags was made to determine the input and output data patterns used in building network structure of Artificial Neuron-Network (ANN) model. The “de-noise” signal was, then, used as the input data to improve the forecasting accuracy of the ANN model. The wavelet spectrum, conventional energy spectrum (fast Fourier transform, FFT), and harmonic analysis were used to analyze the characteristics of tidal data.Using only a very short-period data as a training data set in Artificial Neuron-Network Back-Propagate (ANN-BP) model, the developed ANN+Wavelet model can accurately predict or supply the missing tide data for a long period (1–5 years). The results also show that the concept of tidal constituent phase-lags can improve ANN model of tidal forecasting and data supplement. The addition of the wavelet analysis to ANN method can prominently improve the prediction quality.  相似文献   

用统计模式预测2002年El Nino   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蔡怡  余宙文  王彰贵 《海洋预报》2002,19(2):1-6

根据对赤道太平洋22年次表层温度、流场及其诊断量的EOF分析，提取出三个对El Nino有预测意义的物理量，它们分别是赤道太平洋温度距平 EOF第二个特征量的时间系数、赤道太平洋纬向流距平EOF第二个特征量的时间系数和赤道太平洋温度垂直差分距平EOF第一个特征量的时间系数，其中超前于 ElNino的时间分别为1 年、8个月和4 个月，用该三个量，建立Nino3区海温距平回归预测方程，根据目前我们可以得到的截止到2001年12月的资料，对直到2002年4 月、8月和12月的Nino3区海温距平进行预测，根据计算结果和分析得出我们的预测结论：2002年 4～5月前后将有一次中等强度的 El Nino过程。  相似文献   

改进的持续法作盛夏南海热带气旋强度和路径预报方法     

孔宁谦  陈润珍  蔡敏 《海洋预报》2006,23(2):52-55

本文把热带气旋强度和路径变化的惯性作用及气候变化规律结合起来,建立预报模式,作盛夏南海热带气旋强度和路径预报,经1996~2002年试报,效果较好,可供热带气旋预报工作中参考。  相似文献   

复式河道滩地植物对水流紊动结构影响的试验研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

焦志洋  拾兵  朱玉伟  黄勇 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,(1):28-36

利用室内变坡水槽,精细模拟了复式河道滩地不同植物对漫滩水流的干扰作用,并借助声学多普勒测速仪(ADV)观测了不同垂线、不同测点的瞬时流速,计算了水质点三维相对紊动强度,分析了其变化特征,探讨了滩地不同种类植物对水流内部结构的影响。试验发现,滩地植物改变了复式河道水流内部结构,导致植物带内近床面处各个方向水流相对紊动强度明显减弱,横向因植物丛内阻力和流速变化引起的滩区壅水导致横比降增加,主槽相对紊动强度显著增强;植物淹没条件下水流相对紊动强度沿水深的分布明显存在转折点,此位置可以认为是滩地植物对水流影响的“第二边界”。  相似文献   

1936年灵山63／4级地震极震区烈度分布及发震构造   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李伟琦 《华南地震》1992,12(3):46-51

根据现场调查材料,对1936年4月1日广西灵山6 3/4级地震震中区烈度进行评定并绘制了等震线图。图中烈度Ⅸ、Ⅷ度区呈“T”形,两长轴方向与区内NEE及NNW方向断裂吻合。据此认为该震的发震构造为NEE和NNW两组断裂,6 3/4级地震系两组断裂共轭破裂的结果。又据低烈值沿NEE方向衰减较慢,认为NEE组断裂同时起控震构造作用。  相似文献   

Seismic hazard maps for Jordan and vicinity     

M. Semih Yücemen 《Natural Hazards》1992,6(3):201-226

Probabilistic methods are used to quantify the seismic hazard in Jordan and neighbouring regions. The hazard model incorporates the uncertainties associated with the seismicity parameters and the attenuation equation. Seven seismic sources are identified in the region and the seismicity parameters of these sources are estimated by making use of all the available information. Seismic hazard computations and the selection of peak ground acceleration and modified Mercalli intensity values at the nodes of a 25 × 25 km mesh covering the region under study are carried out by two different computer programs.The results of the study are presented through a set of seismic hazard maps displaying iso-acceleration and iso-intensity contours corresponding to specified return periods. The first set of maps is derived based on the seismicity data assessed in this study and display our best estimate of the seismic hazard for Jordan and the neighbouring areas. The second set of maps which shows the alternative estimate of seismic hazard is based solely on the seismicity parameters reported by other researchers. The third set of maps, called the Bayesian estimate of seismic hazard, reflects the influence of expert opinion involving more conservative assumptions regarding the Red Sea and Araba faults.  相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF THE VERTICAL SHEAR OF ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS ON TYPHOON MOTION          下载免费PDF全文

Jiang Qun  Dong Keqin 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1991,5(2):228-241

Typhoon is regarded as a convergent,modified Rankine vortex.Based on the vorticity equations written attwo levels,higher and lower in the troposphere,typhoon motions are discussed in this study.The analyticalexpressions of vortex motion direction and speed have been derived for simple homogeneous basic flows at twolevels.The expressions indicate that in the easterties,vertical wind shear enhances the steering of east flow,causing the vortex moving westward faster,otherwise,in the westerlies,it reduces the steering of the west flow,causing the vortex moving eastward slower.These results explain theoretically that“cyclones in the easterliesmove to the right of,and faster than the basic flow;conversely,cyclones in the westerlies move to the left of,andslower than the basic flow.”  相似文献